The Biography of Lady Fatimah al-Zahra (peace be upon her) in the Book “Tadhkirat al-Khawas” by Sibṭ ibn al-Jawzi (d. 654 AH / 1256 AD)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v6i46.647Keywords:
Sibṭ ibn al-Jawzi, Hanafi school of thought, state sultans, the day of Khaybar, the verse of Najwa.Abstract
This research discusses the biography of the pure lady Fatimah al-Zahra (peace be upon her) through the book “Tadhkirat al-Khawas min al-Ummah bi Dhikr Khasa’is al-A’immah” by its author Sibṭ ibn al-Jawzi. The study briefly touches upon the life of the author, then delves into the birth of Lady Fatimah (peace be upon her), her names, titles, blessed marriage, pure offspring, inheritance, virtues, illness, and death. The research includes the text of the narrations, their documentation from other sources, and their authenticity. It also examines whether the author’s adherence to the Hanafi school of thought influenced his transmission of narrations that honor her. Additionally, it addresses the narrations that Sibṭ ibn al-Jawzi omitted.
Downloads
References
Primary Sources:
The Holy Quran
Ibn al-Athir, Izz al-Din Abu al-Hasan bin Abu al-Karam Muhammad al-Shaybani (d. 630 AH/1232 AD).
Usd al-Ghabah fi Ma’rifat al-Sahabah, (Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, Beirut, n.d.).
Al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, (Dar Sader, Beirut, 1385 AH/1965 AD).
Ibn al-Athir, Majd al-Din Abu al-Sa’adat al-Mubarak bin Muhammad al-Jazari (d. 606 AH/1209 AD).
Al-Nihayah fi Gharib al-Hadith wa al-Athar, edited by: Tahir Ahmad al-Zawi, Mahmoud Muhammad al-Tanahi, (4th ed., Ismailian Foundation, Qom, n.d.).
Al-Irbili, Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Isa bin Abu al-Fath (d. 693 AH/1293 AD).
Kashf al-Ghummah fi Ma’rifat al-A’immah, (2nd ed., Dar al-Adwa, Beirut, 1405 AH/1985 AD).
Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad bin Ishaq bin Yasar (d. 151 AH/768 AD).
Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah, edited by: Muhammad Hamidullah, (Institute of Islamic Studies and Research, Qom, n.d.).
Al-Bukhari, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ismail (d. 256 AH/869 AD).
Sahih al-Bukhari, (Dar al-Fikr, Beirut, 1401 AH/1981 AD).
Al-Baladhuri, Ahmad bin Yahya bin Jabir (d. 279 AH/892 AD).
Ansab al-Ashraf, edited and commented by: Muhammad Baqir al-Mahmudi, (Al-Alami Foundation for Publications, Beirut, 1394 AH/1974 AD).
Al-Tirmidhi, Abu Isa Muhammad bin Isa bin Surah (d. 279 AH/892 AD).
Sunan al-Tirmidhi, edited and corrected by: Abdul Wahhab Abdul Latif, (2nd ed., Dar al-Fikr, Beirut, 1403 AH/1983 AD).
Ibn Taghri Bardi, Abu al-Mahasin Jamal al-Din Yusuf al-Atabaki (d. 874 AH/1469 AD).
Al-Nujum al-Zahirah fi Muluk Misr wa al-Qahirah, (Ministry of Culture and National Guidance - Egyptian General Institution, Egypt, n.d.).
Al-Thalabi, Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Ibrahim (d. 427 AH/1035 AD).
Al-Kashf wa al-Bayan an Tafsir al-Quran known as Tafsir al-Thalabi, edited by: Abu Muhammad bin Ashur, reviewed and verified by: Nazir al-Saidi, (Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, 1422 AH/2002 AD).
Ibn al-Jawzi, Jamal al-Din Abu al-Faraj Abdul Rahman bin Ali (d. 597 AH/1200 AD).
Sifat al-Safwah, edited by: Tariq Muhammad Abdul Munim, (Dar Ibn Khaldun, Alexandria, n.d.).
Al-Ilal al-Mutanahiyah fi al-Ahadith al-Wahiyah, edited by: Khalil al-Mays, (Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1403 AH/1982 AD).
Al-Mudhish, edited by: Marwan Qabbani, (2nd ed., Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1405 AH/1985 AD).
Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wa al-Umam, study and editing by: Muhammad Abdul Qadir Ata, Mustafa Abdul Qadir Ata, reviewed and corrected by: Naeem Zarzur, (Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1412 AH/1992 AD).
Al-Mawdu’at, edited and presented by: Abdul Rahman Muhammad Uthman, (Al-Maktabah al-Salafiyyah, Madinah, 1386 AH/1966 AD).
Al-Jawhari, Abu Nasr Ismail bin Hammad (d. 393 AH/1002 AD).
Al-Sihah Taj al-Lughah wa Sihah al-Arabiyyah, edited by: Ahmad Abdul Ghafur Attar, (4th ed., Dar al-Ilm lil-Malayin, Beirut, 1407 AH/1987 AD).
Hajji Khalifa, Mustafa bin Abdullah (d. 1067 AH/1656 AD).
Kashf al-Zunun an Asami al-Kutub wa al-Funun, (Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, n.d.).
Al-Hakim al-Nisaburi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Muhammad (d. 405 AH/1014 AD).
Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn, (Dar al-Ma’rifah, Beirut, n.d.).
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Shihab al-Din Abu al-Fadl Ahmad bin Ali (d. 852 AH/1448 AD).
Lisan al-Mizan, (2nd ed., Al-Alami Foundation for Publications, Beirut, 1390 AH/1971 AD).
Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Izz al-Din Abdul Hamid bin Hibatullah (d. 656 AH/1258 AD).
Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, edited by: Muhammad Abu al-Fadl Ibrahim, (Dar Ihya al-Kutub al-Arabiyyah - Isa al-Babi al-Halabi and Partners, 1378 AH/1959 AD).
Al-Himyari, Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abdul Munim (d. 900 AH/1494 AD).
Al-Rawd al-Mi’tar fi Khabar al-Aqtar, edited by: Ihsan Abbas, (2nd ed., Library of Lebanon, Beirut, 1405 AH/1984 AD).
Ibn Hanbal, Ahmad bin Muhammad al-Shaybani (d. 241 AH/855 AD).
Fada’il al-Sahabah, edited by: Wasi Allah Muhammad Abbas, (Al-Risalah Foundation, Beirut, 1403 AH/1983 AD).
Musnad Ahmad, (Dar Sader, Beirut, n.d.).
Ibn al-Khashab al-Baghdadi, Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin al-Nasr (d. 567 AH/1171 AD). 24. Tarikh Mawalid al-A’immah (peace be upon them) wa Wafayatihim, (Library of Ayatollah al-Uzma al-Mar’ashi al-Najafi, Qom, 1406 AH/1985 AD).
Ibn Khallikan, Abu al-Abbas Shams al-Din Ahmad bin Muhammad (d. 681 AH/1282 AD). 25. Wafayat al-A’yan wa Anba’ Abna’ al-Zaman, edited by: Ihsan Abbas, (Dar al-Thaqafah, Lebanon, n.d.).
Al-Dulabi, Abu Bishr Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Razi (d. 310 AH/922 AD).
Al-Dhurriyyah al-Tahirah al-Nabawiyyah, edited by: Muhammad Jawad al-Husayni al-Jalali, (Islamic Publishing Institution affiliated with the Group of Teachers, Qom, 1407 AH/1986 AD).
Al-Dhahabi, Shams al-Din Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Uthman bin Qaymaz (d. 748 AH/1347 AD).
Siyar A’lam al-Nubala, edited by: Bashar Awwad Ma’ruf, Muhyi Hilal al-Sarhan, (9th ed., Al-Risalah Foundation, Beirut, 1413 AH/1993 AD).
Sibt Ibn al-Jawzi, Yusuf bin Qizawghli al-Turki (d. 654 AH/1256 AD).
Tadhkirat al-Khawas min al-Ummah bi Dhikr Khasa’is al-A’immah, edited by: Hussein Taqi Zadeh, (2nd ed., The World Assembly of Ahl al-Bayt, Beirut, 1433 AH/2012 AD).
Mir’at al-Zaman fi Tarikh al-A’yan, (Printing House of the Ottoman Encyclopedia Council, Hyderabad Deccan, 1371 AH/1952 AD).
Ibn Sa’d, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Sa’d bin Mani’ (d. 230 AH/844 AD).
Tarjamat al-Imam al-Hasan (peace be upon him), edited by: Abdul Aziz al-Tabataba’i, (Al al-Bayt Foundation for the Revival of Heritage, Qom, 1416 AH/1995 AD).
Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, (Dar Sader, Beirut, n.d.).
Al-Samhudi, Ali bin Abdullah bin Ahmad al-Hasani (d. 911 AH/1505 AD).
Wafa’ al-Wafa bi Akhbar Dar al-Mustafa, (Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1419 AH/1998 AD).
Al-Sharif al-Radi, Muhammad bin al-Husayn bin Musa (d. 406 AH/1015 AD).
Al-Majazat al-Nabawiyyah, edited by: Taha Muhammad al-Zaini, (Basirati Library, Qom, n.d.).
Nahj al-Balagha, commentary by: Muhammad Abduh, (Dar al-Ma’arifah, Beirut, 1412 AH/1991 AD).
Ibn Shahr Ashub, Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ali al-Mazandarani (d. 588 AH/1192 AD).
Manaqib Al Abi Talib, corrected by: A committee of professors from Najaf al-Ashraf, (Al-Haydariyah Library, Najaf al-Ashraf, 1376 AH/1956 AD).
Al-Saduq, Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Ali bin al-Husayn (d. 381 AH/991 AD).
Al-Amali, edited by: Islamic Studies Department, (Al-Ba’thah Foundation, Qom, 1417 AH/1996 AD).
Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih, corrected and commented by: Ali Akbar al-Ghaffari, (2nd ed., Islamic Publishing Institution affiliated with the Group of Teachers, Qom, n.d.).
Al-Safadi, Salah al-Din Khalil bin Aybak bin Abdullah (d. 764 AH/1362 AD).
Al-Wafi bi al-Wafayat, edited by: Ahmad al-Arna’ut, Turki Mustafa, (Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, 1420 AH/2000 AD).
Ibn Tawus, Abu al-Qasim Ali bin Musa al-Hilli (d. 664 AH/1265 AD).
Al-Tara’if fi Ma’rifat Madhahib al-Tawa’if, (Al-Khayyam Printing House, Qom, 1399 AH/1978 AD).
Al-Tabarsi, Abu Ali al-Fadl bin al-Hasan (d. 548 AH/1153 AD).
A’lam al-Wara bi A’lam al-Huda, edited by: Al al-Bayt Foundation for the Revival of Heritage, (Al al-Bayt Foundation for the Revival of Heritage, Qom, 1417 AH/1996 AD).
Taj al-Mawalid fi Mawalid al-A’immah wa Wafayatihim, (Library of Ayatollah al-Uzma al-Mar’ashi al-Najafi, Qom, 1406 AH/1985 AD).
Tafsir Jawami’ al-Jami’, edited by: Islamic Publishing Institution, (Islamic Publishing Institution affiliated with the Group of Teachers, Qom, 1418 AH/1997 AD).
Al-Tabari, Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Jarir bin Rustam (d. 4th century AH/10th century AD).
Dala’il al-Imamah, edited by: Islamic Studies Department - Al-Ba’thah Foundation, (Al-Ba’thah Foundation, Qom, 1413 AH/1992 AD).
Al-Tabari, Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Jarir bin Yazid (d. 310 AH/922 AD).
Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk known as Tarikh al-Tabari, reviewed, corrected, and edited by: A group of distinguished scholars, (4th ed., Al-Alami Foundation for Publications, Beirut, 1403 AH/1983 AD).
Al-Muntakhab min Kitab Dhayl al-Mudhail min Tarikh al-Sahabah wa al-Tabi’in, (Al-Alami Foundation for Publications, Beirut, n.d.).
Ibn Talhah al-Shafi’i, Kamal al-Din Muhammad (d. 652 AH/1254 AD).
Matalib al-Su’ul fi Manaqib Al al-Rasul, edited by: Majid bin Ahmad al-Atiyah, (n.p., n.d.).
Al-Tusi, Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin al-Hasan (d. 460 AH/1067 AD).
Tahdhib al-Ahkam fi Sharh al-Muqni’ah lil-Shaykh al-Mufid, edited and commented by: Hasan al-Mousawi al-Khurasan, (Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, Tehran, n.d.).
Ibn Tayfur, Abu al-Fadl Ahmad bin Abi Tahir (d. 380 AH/990 AD).
Balaghat al-Nisa, (Basirati Library, Qom, n.d.).
Ibn Abd al-Barr, Abu Umar Yusuf bin Abdullah Muhammad (d. 463 AH/1070 AD).
Al-Isti’ab fi Ma’rifat al-Ashab, edited by: Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, (Dar al-Jil, Beirut, 1412 AH/1992 AD).
Ibn Asakir, Abu al-Qasim Ali bin al-Hasan bin Hibatullah (d. 571 AH/1175 AD).
Tarikh Madinat Dimashq wa Dhikr Fadliha wa Tasmiyat man Halaha min al-Amathil aw Ijtaz bi Nawahiha min Waridiha wa Ahliha, study and editing by: Ali Shiri, (Dar al-Fikr, Beirut, 1415 AH/1995 AD).
Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali, Abu al-Falah Abdul Hayy bin Ahmad (d. 1089 AH/1678 AD).
Shadharat al-Dhahab fi Akhbar man Dhahab, (Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, n.d.).
Al-Ayni, Badr al-Din Mahmoud bin Ahmad (d. 855 AH/1451 AD).
Uqd al-Juman fi Tarikh Ahl al-Zaman, edited and studied by: Mahmoud Rizq Mahmoud, (Dar al-Kutub wa al-Watha’iq al-Qawmiyyah, Cairo, 1431 AH/2010 AD).
Ibn al-Ghatrif, Abu Ahmad Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Jurjani (d. 377 AH/987 AD).
Juz’ Ibn al-Ghatrif, edited by: Amer Hassan Sabri, (Dar al-Basha’ir al-Islamiyyah, Beirut, 1417 AH/1997 AD).
Ibn Faris, Abu al-Hasan Ahmad al-Razi (d. 395 AH/1004 AD).
Mu’jam Maqayis al-Lughah, edited by: Abdul Salam Muhammad Harun, (Islamic Media Office, n.p., 1404 AH/1983 AD).
Al-Fattal al-Naysaburi, Abu Ali Muhammad bin al-Hasan bin Ali (d. 508 AH/1114 AD).
Rawdat al-Wa’izin wa Basirat al-Mutta’izin, presented by: Muhammad Mahdi al-Sayyid Ali al-Kharsan, (Al-Sharif al-Radi Publications, Qom, n.d.).
Furat al-Kufi, Abu al-Qasim bin Ibrahim (d. 352 AH/963 AD).
Tafsir Furat al-Kufi, edited by: Muhammad al-Kazim, (Printing and Publishing Institution affiliated with the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, Tehran, 1410 AH/1990 AD).
Al-Farahidi, Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Khalil bin Ahmad (d. 175 AH/791 AD).
Al-Ayn, edited by: Mahdi al-Makhzoumi and Ibrahim al-Samarrai, (2nd ed., Dar al-Hijrah Foundation, Qom, 1409 AH/1988 AD).
Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Ali bin al-Husayn bin Muhammad (d. 356 AH/966 AD).
Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, presented by: Kazim al-Muzaffar, (2nd ed., Dar al-Kitab Foundation, Qom, 1385 AH/1965 AD).
Ibn Qutaybah al-Dinawari, Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Muslim (d. 276 AH/889 AD).
Al-Imamah wa al-Siyasah known as Tarikh al-Khulafa, edited by: Taha Muhammad al-Zaini, (Al-Halabi Institution and Partners, n.p., n.d.).
Al-Qayrawani, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim bin Ali (d. 453 AH/1061 AD).
Zahr al-Adab wa Thamar al-Albab, edited and explained by: Zaki Mubarak, edited by: Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abdul Hamid, (4th ed., Dar al-Jil, Beirut, 1972 AD).
Al-Katib al-Baghdadi, Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Abdullah (d. 322 AH/933 AD).
Tarikh al-A’immah (peace be upon them), (Ayatollah al-Mar’ashi al-Najafi, Qom, 1406 AH/1985 AD).
Ibn Kathir, Abu al-Fida Ismail bin Amr al-Dimashqi (d. 774 AH/1372 AD).
Al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah fi al-Tarikh, edited, verified, and commented by: Ali Shiri, (Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, 1408 AH/1988 AD).
Al-Kulayni, Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Ya’qub (d. 329 AH/940 AD).
Al-Usul min al-Kafi, corrected and commented by: Ali Akbar al-Ghaffari, (5th ed., Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, Tehran, 1388 AH/1968 AD).
Al-Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir bin Muhammad Taqi (d. 1111 AH/1699 AD).
Bihar al-Anwar al-Jami’ah li Durar Akhbar al-A’immah al-Athar, (2nd ed., Al-Wafa Foundation, Beirut, 1403 AH/1983 AD).
Ibn Mardawayh, Abu Bakr Ahmad bin Musa al-Isfahani (d. 410 AH/1019 AD).
Manaqib al-Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) wa ma Nazala min al-Quran fi Ali, edited by: Abdul Razzaq Muhammad Hussein Harz al-Din, (2nd ed., Dar al-Hadith al-Thaqafiyyah, Qom, 1424 AH/2003 AD).
Al-Mas’udi, Abu al-Hasan Ali bin al-Husayn bin Ali (d. 346 AH/957 AD).
Al-Tanbih wa al-Ishraf, (Dar Sa’b, Beirut, n.d.).
Muruj al-Dhahab wa Ma’adin al-Jawhar, verified and edited by: Yusuf As’ad Dagher, (2nd ed., Dar al-Hijrah Publications, Qom, 1404 AH/1984 AD).
Muslim al-Naysaburi, Abu al-Husayn bin al-Hajjaj bin Muslim (d. 261 AH/874 AD).
Sahih Muslim, (Dar al-Fikr, Beirut, n.d.).
Al-Mufid, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Muhammad bin al-Nu’man al-Baghdadi (d. 413 AH/1022 AD).
Al-Ikhtisas, corrected and commented by: Ali Akbar al-Ghaffari, (Dar al-Mufid, Beirut, 1414 AH/1993 AD).
Tafsir al-Quran al-Majid, edited by: Muhammad Ali Ayazi, (Islamic Media Office, Qom, 1424 AH/2003 AD).
Ibn Manzur, Abu al-Fadl Jamal al-Din Muhammad bin Makram (d. 711 AH/1311 AD).
Lisan al-Arab al-Muhit, (Adab al-Hawzah Publications, Qom, 1405 AH/1984 AD).
Al-Nasa’i, Ahmad bin Ali bin Shu’ayb (d. 303 AH/915 AD).
Al-Sunan al-Kubra, edited by: Abdul Ghafar Suleiman al-Bandari and Sayyid Kasrawi Hasan, (Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1411 AH/1991 AD).
Abu Nu’aym al-Isfahani, Ahmad bin Abdullah (d. 430 AH/1038 AD).
Hilyat al-Awliya wa Tabaqat al-Asfiya, (4th ed., Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1405 AH/1985 AD).
Al-Na’imi, Abdul Qadir bin Muhammad al-Dimashqi (d. 978 AH/1570 AD).
Al-Daris fi Tarikh al-Madaris, (Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1410 AH/1990 AD).
Al-Nuwayri, Shihab al-Din Ahmad bin Abdul Wahhab (d. 733 AH/1332 AD).
Nihayat al-Arab fi Funun al-Adab, (Ministry of Culture and National Guidance - Egyptian General Institution, Egypt, n.d.).
Yaqut al-Hamawi, Shihab al-Din Abu Abdullah bin Abdullah (d. 626 AH/1228 AD).
Mu’jam al-Buldan, (Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, 1399 AH/1979 AD).
Al-Yunini, Qutb al-Din Abu al-Fath Musa bin Muhammad (d. 726 AH/1325 AD).
Dhayl Mir’at al-Zaman, (Printing House of the Ottoman Encyclopedia Council, Hyderabad Deccan, 1374 AH/1954 AD).
Secondary References:
Ismail Pasha al-Baghdadi, bin Muhammad Amin al-Babani (d. 1339 AH/1920 AD).
Hadiyat al-Arifin Asma’ al-Mu’allifin wa Athar al-Musannifin, (Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, n.d.).
Al-Zabidi, Abu Faydh Muhammad Murtada al-Husayni (d. 1205 AH/1790 AD).
Taj al-Arus min Jawahir al-Qamus, edited by: Ali Shiri, (Dar al-Fikr, Beirut, 1414 AH/1993 AD).
Al-Zarkali, Khayr al-Din bin Mahmoud bin Muhammad (d. 1410 AH/1989 AD).
Al-A’lam, (5th ed., Dar al-Ilm lil-Malayin, Beirut, 1401 AH/1980 AD).
Al-Tabataba’i, Muhammad Husayn (d. 1402 AH/1981 AD).
Tafsir al-Mizan, (Islamic Publishing Institution affiliated with the Group of Teachers, Qom, n.d.).
Al-Amili, Ja’far Murtada.
Al-Sahih min Sirat al-Imam Ali (peace be upon him), (Wala’ al-Muntazar, Qom, 1430 AH/2009 AD).
Al-Kajuri, Muhammad Baqir (d. 1255 AH/1839 AD).
Al-Khasa’is al-Fatimiyyah, translated by: Ali Jamal Ashraf, (Al-Sharif al-Radi Publications, n.p., n.d.).
Al-Laknawi, Muhammad Abdul Hayy bin Abdul Halim.
Al-Fawa’id al-Bahiyyah fi Tarajim al-Hanafiyyah, corrected by: Muhammad Badr al-Din Abu Firas, (Al-Sa’adah Printing House, Egypt, 1324 AH/1906 AD).
Al-Milani, Ali al-Husayni.
Tashid al-Muraja’at wa Tafnid al-Mukabarat, (4th ed., Islamic Realities Center, Qom, 1427 AH/2007 AD).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Du’aa Jabbar Uda
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The journal applies the license of CC BY (a Creative Commons Attribution International license). This license allows authors to keep ownership of the copyright of their papers. But this license permits any user to download, print out, extract, reuse, archive, and distribute the article, so long as appropriate credit is given to the authors and the source of the work. The license ensures that the article will be available as widely as possible and that the article can be included in any scientific archive.
How to Cite
