سلطة المريض مرض الموت على تصرفاته المالية دراسة فقهية
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v3i41.413الملخص
إن التوصيف الفقهي لمرض الموت اعتمد على علامات خاصة جاءت بها الروايات والأحاديث وأن شروط تحققه مستمدة منها واعتمد المعنى القانوني والوضعي لمرض الموت على المحددات الفقهية فكانت أغلب المسائل والقوانين الوضعية تابعة للشريعة الإسلامية .
إن تقييد سلطة المريض بمرض الموت لم يتخذ الشكل القطعي والمجمع عليه عند العلماء والفقهاء؛ فقد تعددت الآراء والأقوال فيها ؛ فعلماء الجمهور يرون التقييد فتكون التعاملات المالية للمريض من الثلث، وأنقسم علماء الإمامية إلى فريقين: فريق وافق رأي الجمهور، وآخر قال: بعدم تقييد سلطته وإن منجزات المريض تكون من أصل المال ولكل فريق أدلته ويذهب إلى رجحان قوله . كما أنّ إقرار المريض تداخلت فيه أمور أخرى من قبيل الاتهام والعدالة وكون المقر له أجنبيًا أم وارثًا في تحديد خروج المال المقر به من الأصل أو الثلث ولذا تعددت الأقوال في قضية الاقرار تبعاً لتعدد الأدلة والروايات فيه .
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