General Henri Gouraud and his military and political activity in the Levant 1867-1946
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v9i47.672Keywords:
Kamel, Al-Asaad, Lebanon, Jabal Amel, French, SyriaAbstract
He is Henri Joseph Eugène Gouraud. He was born in Paris on November 17, 1867. His family consists of six children, of whom Henry was the eldest. He graduated from the Saint-Cyr Military College in 1888 AD, then was promoted to the rank of colonel in 1907, then transferred to Morocco in 1910, upon request. From Marshal Lyautey, and from him he learned the art of cunning and deception. Henri Joseph Eugène Gouraud was born in Paris in 1867, from a family of six, his right-hand man. Then he took his place to consolidate the French protection in Morocco, and in 1915 he was appointed commander of the Fourth French Army. He was in charge of The head of the French campaign that participated in the Dardanelles battles during World War I, he was hit by a bomb fragment and lost his right arm, so he spent his life with one arm. He returned to Marrakesh.in 1917 as a resident, and in the same year he repelled a German attack with a military maneuver. The French Prime Minister described him as a “great soldier,” and this was behind his appointment as High Commissioner for Syria in 1918 AD.
General Henri Gouraud is considered one of the important figures in history, whether French or Arab history, because of his prominent role in leading the French armies towards the Arab country Damascus and implementing French policy in the Levant, as well as his role in eliminating the Arab resistance in the Levant, which... It was represented by the government of King Faisal bin Sharif Hussein, and the popular opposition on the other hand. Through his cunning and cleverness, he was able to eliminate the resistance and control the reins of affairs in the Levant, in addition to the role played by General Henri Gouraud in dividing the Levant and the emergence of the so-called Greater Lebanon State. The colonial policy he followed in controlling the country was through manipulating the tribes and playing on sectarianism.
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