أزمة العمل الفدائي في لبنان أبان حكومة رشيد كرامي

المؤلفون

  • م. د. محمد جابر عناد العبودي العراق- وزارة التربية/ مديرية تربية ذي قار

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v2i36.267

الكلمات المفتاحية:

لبنان, أزمة, الفدائي, كرامي, السياسة, فلسطين

الملخص

شغلت القضية الفلسطينية الرأي العام العالمي بشكل عام, واللبناني بشكل خاص, لما لها من ارتباط وثيق بين الأوساط الشعبية اللبنانية, وقد أثرت تلك القضية بشكل مباشر على أوضاع لبنان الداخلية والخارجية وتحديداً العمل الفدائي فيه، وكانَت لها آثاراً سلبية على الوضع الداخلي في لبنان وتحديداً في تبدل الوزارات الحكومية بين الحين والآخر والمصادمات العسكرية بين الجيش والمقاومة, مما جعل أزمة العمل الفدائي مرتبطةً بالشخصية الوزارية في لبنان تحديداً مهمة ومتعلقة في الوقت نفسه مع بعض السياسيينَ اللبنانيينَ, وبناءً على تلك الأهمية جاءت دراستنا لموضوع ""أزمة العمل الفدائي في لبنان أبان حكومة رشيد كرامي (15 كانون الثاني-25 تشرين الثاني 1969) وتداعياتها السياسية", الذي تسنم الوزارة أثر قصف مطار بيروت من جانب, وتصاعد العمل الفدائي في جنوب لبنان من جانب آخر. في حين بقيت حكومة رشيد كرامي تصارع الانقسام في الشارع اللبناني ما بين مؤيد ومعارض لذلك العمل, حتى جرت أحدث دموية خلال حكم تلك الوزارة دفعها للاستقالة, لكنها باشرت بإعمالها كحومة تصريف أعمال لمهامها الوزارية بصورة شكلية, فانتهت إلى عقد أتفاق القاهرة تشرين الثاني 1969, وبذلك الاتفاق أتسع العمل الفدائي في لبنان بشكل واسع فائق عن النظير, لكن وفق شروط بين الحكومة اللبنانية ومنظمة التحرير الفلسطينية.

التنزيلات

بيانات التنزيل غير متوفرة بعد.

المراجع

Published documents:

- Minutes of the Lebanese Parliament, (M.N.L.), Eleventh Legislative Round, First Extraordinary Contract 1967, Minutes of First Session, June 5, 1967.

- M.N.L., the eleventh legislative session, the second extraordinary decade 1968, the minutes of the first session, February 16, 1968.

- M.N.L., the twelfth legislative session, the first exceptional decade of 1969, the first session, January 30, 1969.

- M.N.L., Twelfth Legislative Session, First Ordinary Contract of 1969, Sixth Session Minutes, April 24, 1969.

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- Arab Documentation House (A.D.H.), The Arab World File, Relations with the Palestinian Resistance, Beirut, L-1/1301.

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Foreign books:

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- Morrison and Gibb, The International Who's who of the Arab world, Ed.1, London, Britain, 1978.

- Robert Stephens, The Arabs' New Frontier, London, Britain, 1973.

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Dissertation and thesis:

- Ashraf Ibrahim Al-Qassas, The Role of the Palestinian Resistance in Confronting the Israeli Aggression on Lebanon from 1978-1982, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Faculty of Arts - Islamic University of Gaza, 2007.

- Eileen Matar Muhammad Al-Saeed, The American Position on the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1983, Unpublished Master's Thesis, College of Education, Dhi Qar University, 2013.

- Buthaina Abdel Rahman Al-Tikriti, Jamal Abdel Nasser, a historical study in the emergence and development of Nasserist thought, unpublished doctoral thesis, College of Arts, University of Baghdad, 1998.

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- Abbas Ahmed Farhan Al-Shammari, The Egyptian Position on the Lebanese-Palestinian Relations (1965-1975), an unpublished MA thesis, College of Education for Human Sciences, Dhi Qar University, 2015.

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- Ali Mahfouz Aziz Al-Khaffaf, Egypt’s position on the Palestinian No 1967-1970, unpublished master’s thesis, College of Education, University of Mosul, 2003.

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- Mohammad Jaber Enad Roudhan Al-Aboudi, Abdullah Al-Yafi and his political role in Lebanon 1901 - 1986, unpublished MA thesis, College of Education for Human Sciences, Dhi Qar University, 2014.

- Muhammad Hussein Zaboun Al-Saadi, Druze and their political role in Lebanon 1943-1989, unpublished doctoral thesis, College of Arts, University of Basra, 2008.

- Mortada Khalaf Hussein Al-Sahlani, Fouad Boutros and his political role in Lebanon 1917-1982, unpublished MA thesis, College of Education for Human Sciences, Dhi Qar University, 2019.

- Mahmoud Adel Abu Hilal, The Development of Lebanese-Palestinian Relations 1948-1975, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Faculty of Arts, Islamic University of Gaza, 2006.

Arabic and Arabized books:

- Ibrahim Amer and others, Al-Hilal Socialist Encyclopedia, Al-Hilal, Egypt, 1970.

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- Jan Melha, Lebanese Ministries and Their Data, Library of Lebanon, Beirut, 1981.

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- Ragheed Al-Solh, Lebanon and Arabism, National Identity and State Formation, Al-Saqi, Beirut, 2006.

- Roger Parkinson, Encyclopedia of Modern War, translated by Samir Abdel Rahim Chalabi, Volume 1, Dar Al-Mamoun, Baghdad, 1990.

- Roger Jahshan, Hussein Al-Aweni, Fifty Years of History of Lebanon and the Middle East (1920-1970), translated by George Abi Saleh, Dar Al-Kutub Press, Beirut, 2000.

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- Richard Nixon, Beyond Peace, translated by Malik Abbas, Amman, 1995.

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- Salwa Shukri Nassar, The Role of Lebanon in the Arab World, Ahlia, Beirut, 1974.

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- Charles Helou, Life in Memories, An-Nahar, Beirut, 1995.

- Shukri Nasrallah, History of Lebanon and the Lebanese: A Look Back, Publications, Beirut, 2006.

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- Walid Abi Murshid and others, Yearbook of 1969, Institute for Palestine Studies, Beirut, 1972.

Newspapers and magazines:

Lebanese Newspapers:

- Al-AI-Anwar, Lebanon, Beirut, No/2939, January 3, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-AI-Anwar, No/2944, January 8, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3219, October 13, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3220, October 14, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3229, October 23, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3230, October 24, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3232, October 27, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3234, October 29, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3235, October 30, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3237, November 1, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3239, November 3, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3240, November 4, 1969.

- Lebanese AI-Anwar, No/3242, November 6, 1969.

- Lebanese Al-Hurriya, Lebanon, Beirut, No/410, April 19, 1968.

- Lebanese Al-Hurriya, No/464, May 19, 1969.

- Lebanese El-Yom, Lebanon, Beirut, No/7285, June 16, 1967.

Egyptian newspapers:

- Egyptian Al-Ahram, No/30085, April 24, 1969.

- Egyptian Al-Ahram, No/30086, April 25, 1969.

- Egyptian Al-Ahram, No 30273, October 29, 1969.

- Egyptian Al-Ahram, No/30276, November 1, 1969.

- Egyptian Al-Ahram, No/30278, November 3, 1969.

- Egyptian Al-Ahram, No/30279, November 4, 1969.

- Egyptian Al-Ahram, No 30282, November 7, 1969.

Jordanian newspapers:

- Jordan Al-Defense, No/10338, October 31, 1969.

- Jordan Al-Defense, No/10341, November 3, 1969.

Magazines:

- Ahmed Mufleh, The Relationship between the Palestinian Revolution and the Lebanese State 1965-1975, The Arab Future Magazine, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, No 154, December 1991.

- Saleh Jayoul Juwaid Al-Saray, Lebanon and the Palestinian cause 1965-1969, Journal of the College of Education, University of Dhi Qar, Volume 2, No 1, January 2012.

- Sulafa Hijjawi, The Palestinians in Lebanon, Journal of the Center for Arab Studies, University of Baghdad, No/22, May-June 1977.

- Samir Shaheen, The National Pact between the Concepts of Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow, The Arab Week magazine, Beirut, Lebanon, No 512, March 31, 1969.

- Muhammad Jaber Inad Al-Aboudi and Haider Ali Khalaf Al-Akaili, Hussein Al-Aweni and his political role in Lebanon during his electoral ministry (February 14 - June 7, 1951), Journal of Research in Educational and Human Sciences, Arts and Languages, Vol./1, No/6, Part/3, College of Education For girls, University of Basra, Iraq, November 2020.

- Naglaa Attia, The Historical Development of the Lebanese Crisis, Arab Horizons Magazine, Beirut, No/7, March 1984.

التنزيلات

منشور

2021-12-24

كيفية الاقتباس

العبودي م. د. محمد جابر عناد. 2021. "أزمة العمل الفدائي في لبنان أبان حكومة رشيد كرامي". مجلة اداب ذي قار 2 (36). Huminites:50-89. https://doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v2i36.267.