Lisp and its impact on the entry of some words into the Arabic lexicon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v2i40.369Keywords:
lisp, language, lexicon, melody, lisp soundsAbstract
In many collections of language, there are some expressions that are indicated as melody, error, bad language, language, etc., and among them what is indicated as a lisp. They often mention that, doubting it, and they are not sure about it, and I tried in this research. To collect the texts in which lisping is referred to, and refer them to the texts of the language, after referring to the most famous of her books, the most extensive and the most comprehensive, in order to explain its impact on the entry of some words into the lexicon, and what is the truth about that? What is the space occupied by Arabic dictionaries? After categorizing what has reached us of it into four groups, it includes the lisp of children, the natural lisp that afflicts the human tongue during its youth and after it, and the occasional lisp of people of advanced age and the like of those whose teeth have fallen out, or some of them, and the lisp of non-Arabs who do not know the sounds of Arabic. Their tongues were not accustomed to uttering it, after emphasizing the well-known in the lisp of each of them, which was indicated by the books of the previous ones, so that we could distinguish between one lisp and another on a scientific basis. To explain its impact on the language, was it broad and extended, or narrow and limited, including limited expressions, that do not include everything that has reached us about them? So the research studied each word separately, and then came to the conclusion that it is a language or a lisp, and perhaps something else, or both are possible based on the laws of phonetic substitution, both of which are substitution, but the phonetic substitution takes place according to the laws of phonetics because of the participation of the two sounds in the director, or the adjective , or their convergence, as for the lisp, it is caused by an emergency replacement; This is due to the inability of the tongue to produce the sound from its correct outlet due to a problem with the articulation apparatus, so it diverges to a place close to it or similar to it.
Downloads
References
• The Holy Quran
News of Al-Zarraf and Al-Matmanin, by Abu al-Faraj Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad bin Ali bin Abdullah Ibn al-Jawzi (d. 597 AH), presented and commented by: Muhammad Bahr al-Ulum, Publications of the Haidariyyah Library, Al-Ghari Modern Press, Najaf, second edition, 1368 AH - 1967 AD.
The Lion of the Forest in the Knowledge of the Companions, by Izz al-Din Ibn al-Atheer, Abi al-Hasan Ali bin Muhammad al-Jazari (d. 630 AH), investigation: Sheikh Muhammad Ali Moawad, and Sheikh Abdul Mawjud, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiya, Beirut, Lebanon.
The injury in distinguishing the Companions, by Imam Al-Hafiz Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Hajar Al-Asqalani (d.
Linguistic sounds, d. Ibrahim Anis, Nahdt Misr Library, Nahdt Misr Press.
Al-Targht fi Usul al-Nahwah, by Jalal al-Din Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Bakr al-Suyuti (d. 911 AH), investigation: Dr. Ahmed Mohamed Qassem, Al-Saada Press, Cairo, 1976.
Imam Shu’bah bin Al-Hajjaj and the issues criticized against him and their impact on his narration, via Al-Nasser Abdel-Latif, PhD thesis, College of Fundamentals of Religion, Islamic University, Islamabad, 1431 AH - 2010 AD.
Statement and Explanation, by Abu Othman Amr bin Bahr Al-Jahiz (150-255 AH), investigation: Abd al-Salam Muhammad Haroun, Dar Al-Jil, Beirut.
The Crown of the Bride from the Jewels of the Dictionary, by Sayyid Mortada Al-Husseini Al-Zubaidi (d. 1145-1205 AH), investigation: Abdullah Al-Alayli, Abd Al-Sattar Muhammad Farraj and others, Arab Heritage Series, Ministry of Information, Kuwait, second edition, 1407 AH - 1987 AD.
The arrangement of the book Al-Ain by Khalil bin Ahmed Al-Farahidi (d. 175 AH), investigation: Dr. Mehdi Makhzoumi and d. Ibrahim Al-Samarrai, corrected by Mr. Ahmed Al-Tayyib, Aswa publications, first edition, 1414 AH.
The supplement, appendix, and link to the book Taj al-Lughah wa Sahih al-Arabiya, by al-Hasan bin Muhammad bin al-Hasan al-Saghani (d.
Tahdheeb Al-Lugha, by Abu Mansour Muhammad bin Ahmad Al-Azhari (282-370 AH), investigation: Professor Abd al-Salam Muhammad Haroun and others, the Committee for Authoring, Translation and Publishing, 1967 and beyond.
Jamharat al-Lughah, by Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Duraid al-Azdi (223-321 AH), investigation: Dr. Ramzi Mounir Baalbaki, House of Knowledge for Millions, Beirut, Lebanon, first edition, 1987.
Letters, by Abi Nasr Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Tarkhan Al-Farabi (260-339 AH), investigation: Mohsen Mahdi, Dar Al-Mashreq, Beirut, 1970 AD.
Characteristics, by Abu al-Fath Uthman ibn Jinni (d. 392 AH), investigation: Muhammad Ali al-Najjar, Egyptian Book House Press, Cairo, 1371 AH - 1952 AD.
Al-Kindi's Treatise on Lisp, by Abu Yusuf Yaqoub bin Ishaq Al-Kindi (d. 260 AH), investigation: Dr. Muhammad Hassan Al-Tayan, Journal of the Arabic Language Complex, Damascus, Vol. 60, Part 3, 1405 AH - 1985 CE.
Subul al-Salam, by Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Kahlani al-Sana'ani (1182 AH), Mustafa al-Babi al-Halabi Library, fourth edition, 1379 AH - 1960 CE.
Biography of the Flags of the Nobles, by Shams al-Din Abi Abdullah Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Uthman al-Dhahabi (d. 748 AH), investigation: a group of investigators, Al-Risala Foundation, 1422 AH - 2001 AD.
Poetry and Poets, by Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Muslim bin Qutaybah al-Dinuri (213-271 AH), reviewed and prepared its indexes: Muhammad Abd al-Munim al-Urban, Dar Ihya al-Ulum, Beirut, third edition, 1406 AH - 1986 AD.
Al-Sihah fi al-Lugha, and Taj al-Arabiyya, by Ismail bin Hammad al-Jawhari (d.
Layers of Poets, by Abu al-Abbas Abdullah ibn al-Mu'taz (247-296 AH), investigation by Abd al-Sattar Ahmed Farraj, The Arab Relics Series, Dar al-Ma'arif in Egypt, Cairo, second edition, 1968 AD.
Al-Tiraz Al-Awwal and Al-Tanaz because of what is on it from the Arabic language, by Sayyid Ali bin Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Masum Al-Husseini Al-Madani, known as Ibn Masum Al-Madani (d. 1120 AH), investigation: Ahl Al-Bayt Foundation, peace be upon them.
Al-Abab Al-Zakher and Al-Lab Al-Fakher, by Al-Hassan bin Muhammad bin Al-Hassan Al-Saghani (577-650 AH), investigation: Sheikh Muhammad Hassan Al Yassin, Ministry of Culture and Information, Dar Al-Rasheed for Publishing, Baghdad, Dar Al-Talee’ah for Printing and Publishing, Beirut, 1981 AD, Part One, investigation: Dr.. Vir Muhammad Hassan, Iraqi Council Press, first edition, 1398 AH - 1978 AD.
The unique contract, by Abu Omar Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Abd Rabbo Al-Andalusi (d. 328 AH), investigation: Dr. Ahmed Amin and others, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, Beirut, Lebanon, Composing, Translation and Publishing Committee Press, Cairo, 1385 AH - 1960 AD.
Disadvantages of Speech: A Study of the Disadvantages of Speech among Arab Linguists, d. And Sumaya Al-Mansour, Annals of the College of Arts, Kuwait University, Seventh Yearbook, 1406 AH - 1986 AD.
Language jurisprudence, by Abi Mansour Abd al-Malik bin Muhammad bin Ismail al-Tha’alabi al-Nisaburi (429 AH), investigation by Dr. Omar Al-Tabbaa, Dar Al-Arqam Bin Abi Al-Arqam Company for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Lebanon, Beirut, first edition, 1420 AH - 1990 AD.
Al-Fihrist by Ibn al-Nadim, Abi al-Faraj Muhammad ibn Abi Yaqoub, Ishaq al-Ma’ruf al-Warraq (d. 385 AH), investigation: Reza Tajdad, Daneshkah Press, Tehran, 1395 AH - 1979 CE.
Al Muheet Dictionary, for Majd al-Din Muhammad ibn Yaqoub al-Fayrouzabadi (729-817 AH), prepared and presented by: Muhammad Abd al-Rahman al-Maraashli, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, Lebanon, second edition, 1424 AH - 2003 AD.
Al-Kamil in Language and Literature, by Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Mubarrad (d. 285 AH), investigation: Muhammad Abu al-Fadl Ibrahim, Dar al-Fikr al-Arabi, Cairo.
The book, by Abu Bishr Amr bin Othman bin Qanbar, nicknamed Sebawayh (d. 180 AH), investigation: Abd al-Salam Muhammad Harun, Al-Khanji Library in Cairo, Dar Al-Rifai in Riyadh, Dar Al-Jeel for Printing, second edition, 1402 AH - 1982 AD.
Lisan al-Arab, by Abi al-Fadl Jamal al-Din Muhammad ibn Makram ibn Manzoor the African Egyptian (d.
The Total Language, by Abi Al-Hussein Ahmed bin Fares bin Zakariya (d. 395 AH), reviewed and verified its origins: Muhammad Tohme, the Arab Heritage Revival House, Beirut, Lebanon, first edition, 1426 AH - 2005 AD.
Advantages and Opposites, by Abu Othman Amr bin Bahr Al-Jahiz (150-255 AH), presented to him and explained by: Dr. Ali Abu Muslim, Al-Hilal Library House, Beirut, Lebanon, 1996 AD.
The Arbitrator and the Great Ocean, by Ali bin Ismail bin Sayeda (458 AH), investigation: Mustafa Al-Sakka, and others, Mustafa Al-Babi Al-Halabi and Sons Company in Egypt, first edition, 1377 AH - 1958 AD.
Mukhtar Al-Sahih, by Muhammad bin Abi Bakr bin Abdul Qadir Al-Razi (border of the year 700 AH), Lebanon Library, Beirut, 1986 AD.
Al-Mukhaddas, by Ali bin Ismail bin Sayeda (458 AH), Amiriya Printing House, Bulaq, 1321 AH - 1904 AD.
Al-Mizhar in Language Sciences and its Types, by Jalal al-Din Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Bakr al-Suyuti (d. 911 AH), explanation and commentary: Muhammad Abu al-Fadl Ibrahim and others, the Modern Library, Beirut, Lebanon, 1430 AH - 2009 AD.
Al-Ma'arif, by Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Muslim bin Qutaybah al-Dinuri (213 AH - 276 AH), investigation: Tharwat Okasha, Al-Sharif Al-Radi Publications, Qom, first edition, 1415 AH - 1437 AH.
Language Standards, by Abu al-Hussein Ahmed bin Faris bin Zakariya (d. 395 AH), investigation: Abd al-Salam Muhammad Haroun, Mustafa al-Babi al-Halabi Library and Sons Company, Egypt, third edition, 1389 AH - 1969 CE.
Lexicon of Matn Al-Lugha, by Sheikh Ahmed Reda Al-Amili, Dar Al-Hayat Library, Beirut, 1377 AH - 1958 AD.
Al-Mu’jam Al-Waseet, it was produced by: Ibrahim Mustafa, and others, Dar Al-Da’wa, Istanbul, 1410 AH - 1989 AD.
The chosen one is from the ills of the defects, by Imam Muwaffaq al-Din Abd al-Rahman bin Ahmad, the well-known as Ibn Qudama al-Maqdisi (541-652 AH), investigation and commentary: Abi Moaz Tariq bin Awad Allah bin Muhammad, Dar Al-Raya for publication and distribution, Riyadh - Jeddah, first edition, 1419 AH - 1998 AD .
Al-Munajjid in Language, Louis Maalouf, Insharat Dhu al-Qurabi, Al-Ghadeer Press, fourth edition, 1423 AH - 1381 AH.
Encyclopedia of the Sayings of Imam Ahmed bin Hanbal in Rijal al-Hadith and its Illnesses, compiled and arranged by: Al-Sayyid Abu Al-Maati Al-Nouri and others, Alam Al-Kutub, Beirut, Lebanon, first edition, 1417 AH - 1997 AD.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 أ . م . د . قاسم محمد كامل السعيدي
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The journal applies the license of CC BY (a Creative Commons Attribution International license). This license allows authors to keep ownership of the copyright of their papers. But this license permits any user to download, print out, extract, reuse, archive, and distribute the article, so long as appropriate credit is given to the authors and the source of the work. The license ensures that the article will be available as widely as possible and that the article can be included in any scientific archive.
