The Position of the Lebanese Shia Community on the Israeli Invasion of Lebanon in 1982

Authors

  • Prof. Dr. Ali Hussein Naeem Imam Al-Kadhim College / Departments of Maysan
  • zahara raheem ali Imam Al-Kadhim College / Departments of Maysan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v6i46.578

Keywords:

Shiites, Lebanon, invasion, Israel, resistance

Abstract

The military operations carried out by Palestinian armed factions against Israel from Lebanese territory were the direct cause of the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in June 1982. The invasion aimed to expel the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) from Lebanon, end the Syrian military presence, and establish a regime willing to sign a “peace” treaty with Tel Aviv. While the invasion achieved some of its objectives, it was met with resistance, condemnation, and denunciation on various levels, particularly from the Lebanese Shia community. The Shia community strongly opposed the invasion through statements, denunciations, and armed resistance.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

- Augustus Richard Norton, Hezbollah: A Short History, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2007.

- Fouad Ajami, The Vanished Imam: Musa Al-Sadr and the Shia of Lebanon, Cornell University Press, London, 1986.

- Judith Palmer-Harik, Hezbollah: The Changing Face of Terrorism, I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd, London, 2004.

- Omri Nir, Nabih Berri and Lebanese Politics, Springer, New York, 2011.

الدوريات الأجنبية:

- Sepehr Zabih, Aspects of Terrorism in Iran, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, International Terrorism, Vol. 463, Issue 1, SAGE Publications, California, 1982.

Arabic Books:

“Two Years of Occupation – Two Years of Resistance,” Supporters of the Lebanese National Resistance Front, Beirut, 1984.

A. R. Norton, “Amal and the Shia: Struggle for the Soul of Lebanon,” translated by Ghassan Al-Hajj Abdullah, Dar Bilal for Printing and Publishing, Beirut, 1988.

Ibrahim Muhammad Said Badran, “Readings on the Israeli Issue,” Dar Al-Biruni for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2014.

Eric Silver, “Begin: His Life Story,” General Information Authority, Cairo, n.d.

Asaad Abdul Rahman, “The Palestine Liberation Organization: Its Roots, Establishment, and Paths,” Research Center of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Beirut, 1984.

Amin Mustafa, “Resistance in Lebanon 1948-2000,” Dar Al-Hadi for Printing and Publishing, Beirut, 2003.

Basma Issa, “Nasrallah’s Media War from the South to the North,” Dar Al-Mahajja Al-Bayda, Beirut, 2012.

Tawfiq Al-Madini, “Amal and Hezbollah in the Arena of Local and Regional Confrontations,” Al-Ahali for Printing and Publishing, Damascus, 1999.

Hassan Hamada, “Days of Victory,” 2nd edition, Dar Al-Hadi for Printing and Publishing, Beirut, 2001.

Haider Jawad Kazem Al-Shafie, “Nabih Berri and His Political Role in Lebanon until 1992,” College of Education for Humanities, University of Babylon, 2014.

David Gilmour, “The Collapse of Paths: A Political History of the Lebanese Crisis 1975-1985,” translated by Hassan Younis, Publications Distribution Company, Beirut, 1985.

Ragheed Al-Solh, “Lebanon and Arabism: Identity and State Formation,” Dar Al-Saqi, Beirut, 2006.

Robert Fisk, “Pity the Nation: The Abduction of Lebanon,” 17th edition, Publications Distribution Company, Beirut, 2005.

Salim Elias, “Encyclopedia of World Events,” supervised by Muhammad Alawa, Lebanese Cultural Center, Beirut, 2005.

Shukri Nasrallah, “History of Lebanon and the Lebanese: A Look Back,” Publications Distribution Company, Beirut, 2006.

“Pages from the History of Jabal Amel,” Dar Al-Farabi, Beirut, 1979.

Abdul Ilah Belkeziz, “Resistance and Liberation of the South: Hezbollah from the Seminary to the Front,” Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, 2000.

Abdul Rahman Namos, “Modern History of Syria from 1918 to 2000,” Zaqaq Books for Publishing and Distribution, Istanbul, n.d.

Abdul Raouf Sano, “The Lebanese War 1975-1990: State Disintegration and Society Fragmentation,” Vol. 1, Arab Scientific Publishers, Beirut, 2008.

Abdul Karim Abu Al-Kashk, “American Journalism and the Middle East: A Study of the Coverage of the Arab-Israeli Conflict in Three American Magazines 1948-1982,” translated by Muhammad Ayesh and Atef Udaybat, Publications of the Research and Graduate Studies Department, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 1991.

Adnan Al-Sayed Hussein, “Expansion in Israeli Strategy,” Dar Al-Nafaes, Beirut, 1989.

Issam Al-Din Faraj, “The Palestine Liberation Organization 1964-1993,” Al-Mahrousa Center for Research, Training, and Publishing, Cairo, 1998.

Ali Hussein Darra, “Musa Al-Sadr: The Human Dream in Exile,” Dar Al-Madi, Al-Hadir, and Al-Mustaqbal for Research and Development Studies, Baalbek, 2022.

Firas Al-Bitar, “Political and Military Encyclopedia,” Vol. 2, Dar Osama for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2003.

Fouad Ajami, “The Vanished Imam: Musa Al-Sadr and the Shia of Lebanon,” Dar Al-Andalus for Printing and Publishing, Beirut, 1987.

Christine Schulze, “Israel’s Secret Diplomacy in Lebanon 1948-1984,” translated by Antoine Basil, Publications Distribution Company, Beirut, 1998.

Karim Pakradouni, “The Lost Peace: The Era of Elias Sarkis 1976-1982,” Through the East for Publications, Beirut, 1984.

Claudia Wright et al., “The Israeli Invasion of Lebanon 1982: Political and Military Studies,” Institute for Palestine Studies, Beirut, 1984.

Group of Researchers, “The Israeli Invasion of Lebanon 1982: Political and Military Studies,” Institute for Palestine Studies, Beirut, 1984.

Muhammad Khawaja, “Israeli War Strategy: Path and Development,” Dar Al-Farabi, Beirut, 2014.

Muhammad Atwi, “Israel’s Upcoming Wars,” Dar Al-Hadi for Printing and Publishing, Beirut, 2002.

Mahmoud Sweid, “The Palestinian Struggle Experience: A Comprehensive Dialogue with George Habash,” Institute for Palestine Studies, Beirut, 1983.

Mahmoud Sweid, “Diaries of the Israeli War in Lebanon (June-December 1982): Facts, Documents, and Selected Articles from Hebrew Sources,” Institute for Palestine Studies, Nicosia, 1985.

“Encyclopedia of President Nabih Berri: A National Guarantee,” Vol. 1, Al-Fajr Publications, Beirut, 2007.

Nabil Khalifa, “Lebanon in Kissinger’s Strategy: A Political and Geo-Strategic Approach,” Byblos Center for Studies and Research, Beirut, 1991.

Muhammad Sarour Zain Al-Abidin, “The Tragedy of Palestinian Camps in Lebanon,” 2nd edition, Vol. 1, Dar Al-Jabiya, London, 2012.

Hani Fakh, “The Shia and the State in Lebanon,” Dar Al-Andalus for Printing and Publishing, Beirut, 1996.

Helena Cobban, “The PLO: People, Power, and Politics,” translated by Suleiman Al-Farzali, High Light Publications, London, 1984.

Arabic Periodicals:

Antoine Najim, “The Temporary International Forces Operating in Lebanon,” Lebanese Army Magazine, Vol. 24, Issue 272, Lebanese Army Command, Beirut, 2008.

Iman Qahtan Sarhan and Abdul Rabbo Sakran, “The Preludes to the Zionist Invasion of Lebanon in the Early Eighties of the Twentieth Century,” “University of Kirkuk for Human Studies” (Journal), Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2013.

Ayman Abdul Aoun Nazzal, “Religious and Social Renewal by Sayyid Muhammad Hussein Fadlallah,” Al-Fath Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 80, College of Teachers, University of Diyala, 2019.

Jamal Saad Noufan, “The Israeli Invasion of Lebanon in 1982,” “Adab Al-Farahidi” (Journal), University of Tikrit, Issue 13, December, 2012.

Jamal Saad Noufan, “The Israeli Invasion of Lebanon in 1982,” Adab Al-Farahidi Journal, Vol. 4, Issue 13, University of Tikrit, 2012.

Hussein Hamid Abdullah Al-Sulaq and Abdul Qadir Ahmed Abdul Fahdawi, “The Lebanese National Movement and the Beginning of the Formation of the Parties Front,” University of Anbar Journal for Humanities, Vol. 1, Issue 1, College of Education for Humanities, University of Anbar, 2016.

Haider Abdul Redha and Saad Ali Naeem, “The Military Role of Ariel Sharon in the Wars of 1948-1956,” Historical Studies Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 3, College of Education for Women, University of Basra, 2019.

Rashid Hamid, “The Lebanese Kataeb: Its History, Doctrine, and Organization,” Palestinian Affairs Magazine, Issue 46, Beirut, 1975.

Theses and Dissertations:

Ashraf Ibrahim Al-Qassas, “The Role of the Palestinian Resistance in Confronting the Israeli Aggression on Lebanon from 1978-1982: A Historical Study,” unpublished Master’s thesis, College of Arts, Islamic University, Gaza, 2007.

Basim Ahmed Hashim Al-Ghanmi, “The Position of the Lebanese Parliament on the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1990,” unpublished PhD dissertation, College of Arts, University of Kufa, 2014.

Basim Rehan Maghamis Al-Shamisaoui, “The Saudi Position on the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1989,” unpublished Master’s thesis, College of Education, University of Dhi Qar, 2013.

Safaa Abdul Sahib Salman Al-Waeli, “The Shia and Their Role in Political Life in Lebanon 1958-1982,” unpublished PhD dissertation, College of Education, Al-Mustansiriya University, 2018.

Abdul Hadi Abdul Karim Muhammad, "The Position of the United

Downloads

Published

2024-06-30

How to Cite

Naeem, Prof. Dr. Ali Hussein, and zahara raheem ali. 2024. “The Position of the Lebanese Shia Community on the Israeli Invasion of Lebanon in 1982”. Thi Qar Arts Journal 6 (46). Huminites:368-91. https://doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v6i46.578.

Issue

Section

Historical Studies

Categories